Anonymer Benutzer
Banaler Nationalismus: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
keine Bearbeitungszusammenfassung
Keine Bearbeitungszusammenfassung |
Keine Bearbeitungszusammenfassung |
||
| Zeile 3: | Zeile 3: | ||
{{Nationalism sidebar}}'''Banal nationalism''' refers to the everyday representations of the nation which build a shared sense of national belonging amongst humans, a sense of [[tribalism]] through [[national identity]]. | {{Nationalism sidebar}}'''Banal nationalism''' refers to the everyday representations of the nation which build a shared sense of national belonging amongst humans, a sense of [[tribalism]] through [[national identity]]. | ||
The term is derived from English academic, [[Michael Billig]]'s 1995 book of the same name and is intended to be understood critically. Billig's book has been described as 'the fourth most cited work on nationalism ever published'.<ref> Michael Skey and Marco Antonsich, ''Everyday Nationhood: theorising culture, identity and belonging after Banal Nationalism''. 2017, London: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 1. </ref> Billig devised the concept of 'banal nationalism' to highlight the routine and often unnoticed ways that established nation-states are reproduced from day to day. The concept has been highly influential, particularly within the discipline of [[political geography]], with continued academic interest since the book's publication in 1995.<ref name="Koch">{{cite journal|last1=Koch|first1=Nathalie|author2=Anssi Paasi|title=Banal Nationalism 20 years on: Re-thinking, re-formulating and re-contextualizing the concept|journal=Political Geography|date=September 2016|volume=54|pages=1–6|doi=10.1016/j.polgeo.2016.06.002}}</ref> Today the term is used primarily in academic discussion of [[identity formation]], [[geopolitics]], and the nature of nationalism in contemporary political culture.<ref name=Duchesne> Sophie Duchesne, 'Who's afraid of Banal Nationalism', ''Nations and Nationalism'', 2018, 24, pp. 841-856.</ref> | The term is derived from English academic, [[Michael Billig]]'s 1995 book of the same name and is intended to be understood critically. Billig's book has been described as 'the fourth most cited work on nationalism ever published'.<ref> Michael Skey and Marco Antonsich, ''Everyday Nationhood: theorising culture, identity and belonging after Banal Nationalism''. 2017, London: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 1. </ref> Billig devised the concept of 'banal nationalism' to highlight the routine and often unnoticed ways that established nation-states are reproduced from day to day. The concept has been highly influential, particularly within the discipline of [[political geography]], with continued academic interest since the book's publication in 1995.<ref name="Koch">{{cite journal|last1=Koch|first1=Nathalie|author2=Anssi Paasi|title=Banal Nationalism 20 years on: Re-thinking, re-formulating and re-contextualizing the concept|journal=Political Geography|date=September 2016|volume=54|pages=1–6|doi=10.1016/j.polgeo.2016.06.002}}</ref> Today the term is used primarily in academic discussion of [[identity formation]], [[geopolitics]], and the nature of nationalism in contemporary political culture.<ref name=Duchesne> Sophie Duchesne, 'Who's afraid of Banal Nationalism', ''Nations and Nationalism'', 2018, 24, pp. 841-856.</ref> | ||
[[File:Valley View Yosemite August 2013 002.jpg|left|thumb|Institutions like Yosemite National Park could be interpreted as an effective from of banal nationalism: an originally natural geographic phenomenon is actively delimited, institutionalized and styled as an item of national importance by political act. This way, the abstract idea of America becomes tangible in ordinary life.[[File:Dorothea Lange pledge of allegiance.jpg|200px|thumb|The [[Pledge of Allegiance (United States)|Pledge of Allegiance]] in the [[United States]] is one of the most overt forms of banal nationalism – most are less obvious.|left]] | [[File:Valley View Yosemite August 2013 002.jpg|left|thumb|Institutions like Yosemite National Park could be interpreted as an effective from of banal nationalism: an originally natural geographic phenomenon is actively delimited, institutionalized and styled as an item of national importance by political act. This way, the abstract idea of America becomes tangible in ordinary life.]][[File:Dorothea Lange pledge of allegiance.jpg|200px|thumb|The [[Pledge of Allegiance (United States)|Pledge of Allegiance]] in the [[United States]] is one of the most overt forms of banal nationalism – most are less obvious.|left]]Examples of banal nationalism include the use of flags in everyday contexts, [[nationalism in sport|sporting events]], [[national anthems|national songs]], symbols on money,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Penrose|first1=Jan|title=Designing the nation. Banknotes, banal nationalism and alternative conceptions of the state|journal=Political Geography|date=November 2011|volume=30|issue=8|pages=429–440|doi=10.1016/j.polgeo.2011.09.007}}</ref> popular expressions and turns of phrase, patriotic clubs, the use of implied togetherness in the national press, for example, the use of terms such as {{em|the}} prime minister, {{em|the}} weather, {{em|our}} team, and divisions into "domestic" and "international" news. Many of these symbols are most effective because of their constant repetition, and almost [[subliminal messages|subliminal]] nature. Banal nationalism is often created via state institutions such as schools.<ref>{{cite web|last=Piller|first=Ingrid|author-link=Ingrid Piller|date=2017-05-12|title=The banal nationalism of intercultural communication advice|url=https://www.languageonthemove.com/the-banal-nationalism-of-intercultural-communication-advice/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512210933/http://www.languageonthemove.com/the-banal-nationalism-of-intercultural-communication-advice/ |archive-date=12 May 2017 }}</ref> | ||
Examples of banal nationalism include the use of flags in everyday contexts, [[nationalism in sport|sporting events]], [[national anthems|national songs]], symbols on money,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Penrose|first1=Jan|title=Designing the nation. Banknotes, banal nationalism and alternative conceptions of the state|journal=Political Geography|date=November 2011|volume=30|issue=8|pages=429–440|doi=10.1016/j.polgeo.2011.09.007}}</ref> popular expressions and turns of phrase, patriotic clubs, the use of implied togetherness in the national press, for example, the use of terms such as {{em|the}} prime minister, {{em|the}} weather, {{em|our}} team, and divisions into "domestic" and "international" news. Many of these symbols are most effective because of their constant repetition, and almost [[subliminal messages|subliminal]] nature. Banal nationalism is often created via state institutions such as schools.<ref>{{cite web|last=Piller|first=Ingrid|author-link=Ingrid Piller|date=2017-05-12|title=The banal nationalism of intercultural communication advice|url=https://www.languageonthemove.com/the-banal-nationalism-of-intercultural-communication-advice/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512210933/http://www.languageonthemove.com/the-banal-nationalism-of-intercultural-communication-advice/ |archive-date=12 May 2017 }}</ref> | |||
It can contribute to bottom-up processes of nation-building.<ref name="Mylonas">{{cite journal |last1=Mylonas |first1=Harris |last2=Tudor |first2=Maya |title=Nationalism: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |date=11 May 2021 |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=109–132|doi-access=free |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-101841 |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-101841 |access-date=27 September 2021}}</ref> | It can contribute to bottom-up processes of nation-building.<ref name="Mylonas">{{cite journal |last1=Mylonas |first1=Harris |last2=Tudor |first2=Maya |title=Nationalism: What We Know and What We Still Need to Know |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |date=11 May 2021 |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=109–132|doi-access=free |doi=10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-101841 |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-polisci-041719-101841 |access-date=27 September 2021}}</ref> | ||